Dispenser for lubricants



July 22, 1958 J. l lNsK1 .v 2,844,286

DISPENSER FOR LUBRICANTS I Filed March 22, 1954 v v v 2 sheets-sheet 2 "lili/7 71 57 se 72 73 sa vINVENTOR.

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United States Patent t) 2,844,286 DISPENSER Fonv LUBRICANTS' Johann Lipinski, Pressbaumyne'arI Vienna,.Ai1st1'ia,f :as-v signorto Ale'x.- Friedmann K'ommanditge'sellschaft," Vienna lyAustria', a firm' Application March 22, 1954, Serial No.' 417,779 Claims priority, application vAustriaMtu'ch 27, 1953` 7 Claims. (Cl. 222"'-25'0) The presentinvention relates to a distributing element which is'connecte'd to a singlelubri'cant'conduit carrying variable pressures. The known distributing elementsV of this typefunction in such away 'that' at each pressure stroke in the supply conduit a certain'lub'ricant 'volume is conducted'to the point to' be' lubricated. During the' subsequent pressure release the' distributing element returns to the starting position and'in this manner is' prepared for tne 'next'pressure' stroke'.

The present invention relatesto `a specic form ofsuch a distributing element. At `each pressure stroke the lubricant is conducted in succession to` two outlets-whereby the distributing element remains :quiescent until the next pressure release. Only afterthe'pressre release has occurred will the control pistonreturntdits'startingposition, and then the operation can begin anew'. At -the neX-t application of pressure the conveyingp'iston again performs two working strokes and conveys'again a lubricant portion to each outlet.

ln the dispenser according to the invention the control piston is formed in general with the corresponding control recesses controlling the work chambers of the feed piston. However, the invention alternatively contemplates forming the feed piston asa reciprocating piston which at the lsame time swings onits axis and providing the feedpiston itself with the control recesses controlling its two working chambers. In that case the spring-loaded control piston has the function of turning the feed piston into its corresponding' controlfpositions.

In all cases the working cycle of the pistons of'the dispenserhas been completed as soon as the feed piston has performed two working strokes, i. e. a forwardstroke and a return stroke, upon a single application of pressurein the supply line, and has fed the lubricant out of its two working chambers The next working cycle willrbegin only when after the pressure line had been relieved pressure is again applied to the supply line. This affordsthe advantage that on the one handthe-working Aspaces of the feed piston are filled under the direct action ofthe pressure in the supply line -so that a complete illingof said working cham-bers is ensured, and that on the other hand the lubricant is fed to the pointof lubrication also under the full pressure lof the supplyV line so thatresistances in the line from the dispenser to the point-of lubrication will be yovercome more easily. i

In the drawing the invention is illustrateddiagrammatically with reference toexamples.` c

Figs. 1-4 are sectional views showing one embodiment of a dispenser in its successive working 'positions duringV a working cycle.

Fig. 5 shows a modiiied embodiment of such dispenser in the working position corresponding toFig; .1.-

Fig. 6 shows a still'further` embodiment'with asimplied arrangement of the lubrication ducts ofi such dis-v penser, in the workingV position-corresponding to 'Fig. l.

Fig. 7 also shows another embodiment ofA such dispenser in the working position according-to Fig. 1.

Figs. 8-13L show an embodimentofa-di's'penser operatrectly against thef'plu'g116,*th'e ICC . 21'. ing on 'the' rotary piston principle. Figs. 8-11 vshow-the pi'stons" ofthe' dispenser in the Adifferent working positions of 'a working cycle. Fig. l2 is a section taken on Iine'X'IXIlfof Fig: 8, Fig. 13 a section taken online XII'ILXI'Il of'Fig., 8;

Ini'theernbtdiinent shown in Figs.'14, the`casing 1 ofthe dispenser Vhas' two cylinder boresl 2 and 3,'*whose axes are parallel.' Thev control piston 4 lis guided in cylinder bore l2, the feed'piston 5 incylinder bore 3. The supplyr line is connected to a bore 6; The two outlets lea'diiigt'.thev points of lubrication are designated with Tandv 8. 9 is only a bore for attachingthe dispenser to the/respective machine part.` lf desired, that bore may belused frcombining severaldispensers in a unit' by means 'of screw bolts.'

The'l'e'ft-hand working chamber 10, i. e., thev chamber on uthe leftof end face 77K, of the feed piston 5 is connected through a controlchannel 11 and the right-hand working chamber 12, i. e., the chamberon the right of' endlface 7th-'of' the feed piston is connected through a channel 13' with'the cylinder bore 2 accommodating the control piston 4.' Onthe otherhand the cylinder bore 2 communicates through ports 14 and 15 with the outlets 74 and 8f As shown in the drawing the-supply bore 6 intersects the cylinder bore-2 to-connect the inlet 6 with' the cylinder bore 2L: On theleft the cylinder bore 2 is closed"by a plug 16 which stops the controll piston in one terminal position. On the right a screw cap l17 is provided, which 'seats a pressure spring 18 acting onthe controlpiston 4" and with which an extension 19 of the' control piston cooperates for limiting the stroke of said piston-and lstopping said piston in a second terminal position.: `The chamber 2li on the right ofthe control piston IAfcommunicatesl with atmosphere through a borey 21. The-cylinder'bore 3 ofthe feed piston 5 is similarly closed by a plug 22, which has a stop screw 23, which can be adj-usted to vary the stroke of the feed piston 5 and with it the'amount ffed by the dispenser.

The control piston l4'hasrcontrol recesses 24, 25 and 26, which during the working cycle of the dispenser connect thecontrol-channel -11 alternately with the inlet 6 and theoutlet -ports '14, vandv connect the control channel 13.

alternately'with-the inlet f6 andthe outletY port 15. The

cham-berken the left ofthe control piston communicates with--theinlet 6 through a-bore orV control recess 28 opening fonthe left-hand endfface 27 and a cross borey 229- openingf into the control recess l26.

Thefmode-of operationlofrthat dispenser is as follows:

The working position shown in Fig.'l may be consideredL a=positionf-of-rest,-\ in Y-Which the feed vpiston 5 is in its lefthandterminabposit-ioniand lthe control piston 4 is urged by spring-18 also-into its left-hand terminal position. Control recess 26 connects the inlet 6 with the control channel 11'l -ope'ningr i'ntofthe left-hand 'working chamber 10 of feed 'IpistonSe Control lrecess k25 connects the right-hand' working'chamber"12 ofthe' feed piston through channel 13-wi`tlrftlie4 'outlet port 15; When pressureis applied tof th'e'fsupplyi line-the lubricant will be forced from the inlet 6 through control recess 26"and duct 11 into'the left-handr working" chamber 10;? th'en the feed piston 5 performs its feed'st-ro'lcetol the 'right and displaces the lubricant out of tworkingsfcha'inb'erf12 through vcontrol channel 13, control'recessfZSand'outlet port'lS into the outlet 8. At thef'saine time lthe llubricant is supplied under pressure' throughzbores'29`-a1id 28 to the left-hand` end 27 of control pistonf4'. Since that end face 27 is sealingly applied disaid plug 16 constitutes a tightening means cooperating with end face 27, therefore` pressure is effective only. in the cross section of bore 28 so that during the initial pressure rise that pressure is not` sui'ci'ent for movingthe control piston-against the force of spring 18 from its left-hand terminalposition Now the supply pressure rises further and finally the control piston 4 is moved out of its left-hand terminal position. Then the supply pressure acts on the entire end face 27 and the control piston 4 is suddenly moved into its right-hand terminal position While the spring 18 is cornpressed. In the meantime the feed piston 5 has cornpleted its stroke to the right and has reached its position according to Fig. 2. Only after the feed piston 5vhas reached its position shown in Fig. 2 will the control piston 4 come into its position shown in F-ig. 3.

In that position shown in Fig. 3 the right-hand Working chamber 12 of the feed piston 5 is connected through channel 13 and control recess Z6 of control piston 4 with the inlet 6. The Working chamber 12 is subjected to the supply pressure, the feed piston 5 is urged to the left into the position shown in Fig. 4 and the Working chamber 12 is lled up with lubricant Whereas the feed piston 5 feeds the lubricant out of its left-hand Work-ing chamber through channel 11, control recess 24 and outlet port 14 into the outlet 7. Now the dispenser has completed its Working cycle since it has fed into both outlets 8 and 7. However, the left-hand end face 27 of control piston 4 is loaded by the supply pressure so that the control piston remains in the position shown in Fig. 4 as long as pressure is applied to the supply line. Only upon a pressure drop in the supply line 6 is the left-hand end of the control piston relieved; then the control piston returns into its initial position shown in Fig. 1 under the action of compression spring 18. Upon the next application lof pressure in the supply line the same Working cycle is repeated.

When at the end of the period in which pressure is applied in the supply line the pressure drops slowly Whereas the counterpressure in the outlet 8 is not high, the feed piston may be urged entirely or partly toward the position shown in Fig. 2 at the end of the period in which pressure is applied, after the position shown in Fig. 1 has been reached. This does not affect the function because the Working cycle then begins from the position shown in Fig. 2.

The dispenser shown in Fig. 5 substantially corresponds in construction and function to that shown in Figs. 1 4, excepting that the chamber 2@ on the right of control piston 4 is tightly closed against atmosphere by the screw cap 17' and that control recess 25 is replaced by a control recess 25 open toward chamber 20. In that case the feed pressure effective in feeding the lubricant out of working chamber 12 acts on control piston 4 in the sense of the force of spring 18 and ensures that the control piston remains in its left-hand terminal position during the entire period in which there is a feed out of Working chamber 12, i. e. until the feed piston 5 has reached its position shown in Fig. 2.

During the stroke of control piston 4 to the right lubricant is displaced from chamber 20 into outlet 8 but is sucked back during the stroke of the control piston to the left so that the amount fed remains unchanged. To avoid a pressure build-up in space 20 when the control piston 4 in the position shown in Fig. 4 moves past the outlet bore 15, and to ensure that the displacement of the control piston into its right-hand end position is not hindered, a relief bore 30 is provided, which leads from chamber 20 to the outlet port 15.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 6 agrees almost completely With that shown in Fig. 5. There is only the structural difference that the channels 11 and 13 and the ports 14 and 15 are replaced by the respective inclined channels 11, 13 and ports 14', 15. These channels and ports are incl-ined to open into cylinder bore 2 at points displaced in accordance with the control positions. This is an advantage from the manufacturing aspect.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 the feed piston 5 is guided in a central cylinder bore of control piston 31 so that here the control piston 31, which is guided in a cylinder bore 32 of the dispenser casing 33, forms the cylinder ofthe feed piston.

From the supply line 6 the lubricant flows through a bore 34 into the chamber 35 on the left `of the end face 77 of control piston 31 and on the other hand flows through a duct 36, a groove 37 and a radial bore 38 of control piston 31 into the working chamber 39 on the right of end face 78 of the feed piston 5. Now the feed pistou 5 is displaced out of its position shown to the left and the lubricant is fed out of Working chamber 44 through bore 49, control groove or control recess 42 and bore S0 into the outlet 51 until the feed piston 5 has reached its left-hand end position. In order to securely hold the control piston 31 in its left-hand terminal position, the outlet 51 is connected through the bore 52, shown With dash lines, with the chamber 40 so that the pressure in the outlet 51 and the spring 41 hold the control piston 31 in its left-hand terminal position as long as lubricant is being fed out of working chamber 44. Then the control piston 31 is urged to the right by the supply pressure in chamber 35 while the spring 41 in chamber 4i) is compressed. With the feed piston 5 in its left-hand end position, the control piston 31 now moves with groove 42 past duct 36 and the lubricant ows from supply line 6 through groove 42 and a radial bore 43 in control piston 31 into the left-hand working chamber 44 of feed piston 5. Feed piston 5 is now urged to the right in the bore of the control piston and feeds the lubricant from the right-hand working chamber 39 through a radial bore 45 and the groove 37 of control piston 31 and then through a duct 47 into the outlet 48. After a partial relief of the supply line 6 the pressure of spring 18 predominates and thecontrol piston 31 is urged back to the left, chamber 40 taking lubricant back from outlet 51. At this time the working chamber 39 of feed piston 5 is again connected with the supply line 6 through bore 38, groove 37 and duct 36; as described ralready, the feed piston 5 again displaces lubricant from the left-hand working chamber 44 through radial bore 49 and bore 50 into the other outlet 51, etc.

53 designates a plug closing the working chamber 44 and at the same time forming the left-hand end stop for control piston 31. A plug 54 closes the right-hand Working chamber 39 and forms the right-hand end stop of control piston 31. An extension 55 of that plug forms the stop limiting the feed stroke of feed piston 5. In that case the feed stroke of feed piston 5 can 'oe set by replacing plug 54 by one having a longer or shorter extension 55.

Figs. 8-13 show a variant in which the feed piston of the dispenser during its reciprocating movement at the same time performs a swing movement on its axis. Figs. S-ll again show the different Working positions of the pistons. In the dispenser 56 the feed piston 58 is guided in a cylinder bore 57, the control piston 68 in a transverse cylinder bore 59. The supply line is connected to connection 61. The outlets are designated 62 and 63. The control piston has an annular groove 64, which is engaged by an eccentric pin 65 of feed piston 58. The eccentricity of pin 65 is such that feed piston 53 is turned by about 90 degrees when the control piston 68 is moved from one end position into the other. A spring 66 urges the control piston into its right-hand terminal position. Again Working chambers are provided at both end faces 7 9 and 80 of the feed piston 58; they comprise the Working chamber 67 below the feed piston 58 and an enlarged Working chamber 68, into which the upper end of feed piston 58 is immersed. A bore 69 leads from supply connection 61 to cylinder bore 57 and opens into the same at 70. The cylinder bore 57 of feed piston 58 is connected through a bore 71 with the outlet 62 and through a bore 7.2 with the outlet 63. The chamber 76 on the left of the control piston 68 accommodates the spring 66 and is closed against atmosphere, Whereas it communicates with the outlet 63 or outlet bore 72 through a bore 73. The shell of the feed piston 58 has a control recess or groove 74 leading to the Working chamber 57 and a control. groove 75 -leading to the Working chamber 68.

In the position of rest the pistons 60 and 58 are -in the position shown in Fig. 8. -The control piston 60 is in its right-hand terminal position so that the feed piston 58 is turned to connect through its control groove 75 the opening 70 with the working chamber 68 and through its` control groove 74 the working chamber 67 with the outlet bore 72. Upon a pressure rise in the supply line, i. e. in connection 61, the lubricant is forced through duct 69, opening 70 and control groove 75 into working chamber 68. The pressure in chamber 68 depresses the feed piston 58, which during its feed strokel displaces the lubricant from working chamber 67 through control groove 74 and outlet duct 72 into outlet 63. To secure the control piston 60 in its right-hand terminal position during that feed stroke of feed piston 58, the chamber 76 on the left of the control piston is connected through bore 73 with the outlet 63 so that the feed pressure loads the control piston 60 in the same sense as does the spring 66. The chamber 76 is relieved only after 'the feeding out of working chamber 67 has been completed and the feed piston 58 has reached its lower dead center and assumed the position shown in Fig. 9; then the control piston 60 is urged by the supply pressure into its left-hand terminal position and is thus caused to turn the feed piston by about 90 degrees. i

Fig. 10 shows the working position in which the control piston 60 is in its left-hand terminal position and through the intermediary of the eccentric pin 65 has turned the feed piston 58 by about 90 degrees from the position shown in Fig. 8. Now the lower working chamber 67 of the feed piston 58 is connected through bore 69, opening 70 and control groove 74 with the connection 61 of the supply line. Under the supply pressure the feed piston 58 is forced upwardly whereby the lubricant is fed into the outlet 62 out of the working chamber 68, which is now connected through control groove 75 with outlet bore 71. After that feed stroke the feed piston 58 assumes its upper dead center position shown in Fig. 11. The control piston 60 remains in its left-hand terminal position shown in Fig. ll until there is a pressure drop in the supply line and in its connection 61. After the supply line has been relieved, the control piston 60 is urged to the right by spring 66 and turns the feed piston 58 back by about 90 degrees so that the initial position shown in Fig. 8 has been reached again, from which the working cycle starts anew the next time pressure is applied in the supply line.

What I claim is:

1. A dispenser for dispensing lubricants from a single supply line subjected to Varying pressure to several points of lubrication, comprising a rst cylinder bore, a feed piston slidable in said rst cylinder bore and having two end faces and working spaces at both ends of the said iirst cylinder bore bounded by the said end faces of the feed piston, a second cylinder bore, a control piston slidable in said second cylinder bore and having two end faces, an inlet connected to the said single supply line and several outlets, control channels connecting the said -first cylinder bore to the said second-namedcylinder bore,

ports connecting the said inlet and outlets to the said second-named cylinder bore, control recesses in one of the said pistons, the said control piston having two terminal positions and connecting in each of the said terminal positions one of the said working spaces, bounded by the said two end faces of the said feed piston, with the said inlet and the working space bounded by the other end face with one of the said outlets alternatively, spring means forcing the said control piston into one of its terminal positions, the4 said control recesses, ports and control channels connecting the end face of said control piston opposite to the said spring rneans with the said inlet, the pressure being applied to the said last-named end face from the supply line against said spring means, the control piston being held by the `said spring means in the one terminal position until the said feed piston has completed its feed stroke for feeding lubricants to one of the outlets and is moved into the other terminal position when the pressure in the supply line has increased further so that the spring force is overcome, whereby the pressure in the supply line causes the return movement of the feed piston for feeding lubricant to the other outlet.

2. A dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring force acting on the control piston exceeds the difference of the forces exercised by the supply pressure and feed pressure, respectively, on the two end faces of the control piston.

3. In a dispenser for dispensing lubricants from a single supply line subjected to varying pressure to several points of lubrication as claimed in claim l, tightening means cooperating with the end face of the said control piston opposite the said spring means and tightly contacting a part of the said end face thereby limiting the action of the pressure in the supply line only to the part of lthe said end face as long as the said control piston is in its terminal position in which it is forced by the said spring means, the whole end surface being only acted on when the said control piston is moved out of its terminal position.

4. A dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed .piston is formed as a reciprocating piston which at the same time turns on its axis and is provided with the two control ports controlling its two working chambers whereas the spring-loaded control piston about its longitudinal axis during motion turns the feed piston into its control positions.

5. The invention as set forth in claim 41 wherein the longitudinal axis of the said feed piston is parallel to the longitudinal axis of said control piston.

6. The invention as set forth in claim 1 wherein the longitudinal axis of said feed piston is normal to the longitudinal axis of said control piston, and eccentric means formed on one end of said feed piston and cooperating with said control piston to turn said feed piston on its longitudinal axis during sliding thereof.

7. In a dispenser for dispensing lubricants from a single supply line subjected to varying pressure to several points of lubrication as claimed in claim 1, the said rst named cylinder bore being formed by the body of the said control piston.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 400,401 Gutzkow Mar. 26, 1889 2,188,676 Crandall Ian. 30, 1940 2,428,035 Palm June 16, 1943 2,427,429 Waite et al. Sept. 16, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS 289,093 Switzerland June 16, 

